Device for registering physical changes in systems



-H. KIENZLE Jan. 14, 1941.

DEVICE FOR REGISTERING PHYSICAL CHANGES IN S YSTEMS' 'iled Oct. 16, 1937NVENTOR fizezz ie,

ATTORNEY f Km'b-M:

Patented Jan. 14, 1941 UNiTED STATES-I DEVICE FOR REGISTERING PHYSICALOHANGESIN SYSTEMS Herbert Kienzle, Villingen, Germany ApplicationOctober 16, 1931, sci-a1 No. 169,347

Germany January 25, 1937 Claims. (01. 235-92 The present inventionrelates to a registering device for registering the amount ofalteration,

from a given physical state, of an apparatus or system, and wherein thesteps of alteration are 5 automatically added together, increment byincrement, as such changes or alterations occur.

This is accomplished by the operation of a counting device and which iscoupled to a variably moving electric instrument, the movements of whichare controlled by energy changes in an operative system to which thepresent device may beadaptably applied.

The present device permits of an arrangement whereby cumulatedincrements of a predetermined value, and, in some instances, inelectrical application, increments of the same signmay be registeredprogressively, or a series of increments of the opposite sign may beregistered.

Any staticphysical state is invariably sub- I jected to change and anumerical, or registered value is important, for computing the value of,

such change, or changes because such changes, as produced, areindicative of changes in energy, or stress, and in many instances,indicate energy losses and strains. Registerings of such changes enableone to compute the expenditure of energy output, or the strains to whichmovable elements of a mechanism may be subjected. i The present devicemay be utilized, for one purpose, in registering the fluctuations ofcurrent flow in electric light circuits, wherein, from time to time thevoltages fluctuate greatly in excess of normal, and thereby tend toshorten the life of the lamps. The present device, in registering suchfluctuations enablesthe user to ascertain the amount of fluctuation, andto then correct the fault, thus increasing the'eflective life of thelamps in use.

In other uses,.elements at rest are sometimes subjected to excessivestarting strains, and these a may be, ascertained by the present device,and thereafter analyzed and corrected. The foregoing and other featuresof advantag will be apprehended as the herein description proceeds andit is obvious that modifications may be made in the device hereindescribed, without departing from the spirit thereof or the scope of thepending claims.

In the drawing herewith, all of which are more "or less" diagrammatic.Fig. 1 isa fragmentary view, in elevation, of theessential features ofthe present improvement; Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig.

1, looking from theright hand side thereof; Fig. 3

. is a transverse sectional view of a modified form of actuating device,in the form of an electro dynamometer; Figs. 4 and 5, respectively, areenlarged plan and sectional views of the fixed coil of Fig. 3; and Fig.6 is a diagrammatic illustration of a graph of stresschanges.

The device shown in Figs. 1' and'2 is of the moving coil instrument typand comprises a permanent magnet M, fragmentarily shown,-having polepiece extensions N and S, between which "latter is pivotally mounted amovable coil W. The

coil W, Fig. 2, is fixedly mounted on a shaft 3; 10 the ends of whichare rotatably mounted in bearings h-h on supports AA,-located on base B.One of the bearings has an upright extension E, to which the outer endof a spiral tension spring 4 is attached, the inner end thereof beingattached It to said shaft 3. The opposite bearing A has a plug support12 thereon, to the inner end of which is attached a spiral. spring 5,the inner end of which spring is attached to the shaft 3. Springs 4 and5 are mounted on shaft 3 with their spirals in op- 20 posite directionsthereby to balance one another, when adjusted to resiliently hold thecoil W in the normal non-operative, rest position as shown in Fig. 1.Each outer terminal end of the 'springs I and 5 are connected to plugsl0 and I2, these being insulated from the arms E and A by insulatingbushings II and I3. Electrical conducting wires 1 and I are connected tosaid plugs Ill and I2 and thus supply current through the springs 4 and5 to the windings on coil W, by means not 30 shown. Current from a lampcircuit connected to wires 1 and I, as changes in voltage occur therein,

causev the coil W tovaryits position from that shown in full lines inFig. 1, to the dotted positio indicated at X, in the same figure. 35

The outer end of the shaft 3 as viewed at the left hand side of Fig.2,fixedly mounts a sector arm a, the outer end thereof terminating in atoothed gear sector S, which in turn meshes with a toothed gear disc G,which is loosely mounted 40 on the end of the shaft 2 of a countingdevice C, by its hub H, Fig. 2. The shaft! is rotatably supported at itsends by bearings g-g which form the extremities of arms E and E whichdepend from base B. I 45 The shaft is connected to aknown counting oradding mechanism, the details not being shown,; but indicated at C, in awell known manner.

The geared end of shaft'z, Fig. 2, is provided with a fixed ratchettoothed wheel R, the teeth 50 of which are normally engaged by a springheld ratchetpawl mechanism l8-P both of which are normally mounted uponthe outer face off-gear G. as thus constructedwhe the coil armature .Wswings on its axis, in-the ection of the arrow 5s 20, under currentchanges, it moves the sector 8, and this in turn moves the gear G,causing the pawl P to move the ratchet wheel to rotate the adder shaft 2and thus add the impulse to the counting mechanism as a unit. Uponreturn of the armature to normal position the ratchet mechanism permitsof the return of the gear G, without disturbing or moving adder shaft 2.

In Fig. 3 there is shown an equivalent register actuating structure ofalternate construction. This comprises a base portion l6, upon which ismounted a fixed coil magnet II, which is normally connected into aconstant current circuit, and supports a smaller movable armature whichis provided at its axis ends with spiral control springs, one of which,4', is shown in Fig. 3. The armature coil W may be connected into anelectric light circuit, as described for Fig. 1, and the coil W may havean equivalent arm and gear sector S attached thereto, which plvotallycoil W,

latter, in turn operates a gear and ratchet movement G, P and R, whichoperate on an adding shaft 2, as described for Figs. 1 and 2.

The coils herein described may be made as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 whereina circular frame H has two parallel flanges l5-l5 joined by an inner,circumferential wall II. The space between the flanges and wall arewound with a suitable conductive wiring ll. This form of coil is wellknown. Fig. 6 is a graphic representation of the function of the presentdevice. Some physical state such as the voltage is shown in function ofthe time t. The voltage is to be kept at a desired constant valuerepresented by the ordinate Vn. This condition, however, cannot bemaintained and the voltage will be subject to variation of more or lessdegree. During the interval ta-tb the voltage rises to a value V2, thisrise being equivalent to a certain amount of small increments orsubdivisions of voltage unit as shown in the graph. After a time thevoltage falls to the normal value Vn and, further, down to the value V3.After reaching this value it again rises by a certain amount, equivalentto the number of abscissas as shown. If the construction of the .deviceis arranged that a change of voltage equivalent to one abscissa shown,effects a forward movement of one tooth of the ratchet wheel R, and forthis movement the counter C moves forward one unit, then the number ofunits shown upon the counter will correspond to the amount of changeintervals in one direction as shown by the abscissas. If, therefore, thevoltage has substantially changed within a certain interval, thiscondition will be registered by the counter with an equivalent figure.If the voltage has remained quite constant at the value Vn, only therise of voltage from zero to the value Vn will be registered by thecounter with a figure corresponding to the number of abscissas as shownin the graph. Alternatively, the above noted arrangement is not limitedto the conditions of one increment movement of the ratchet wheel R, byone tooth. The construction of the device may be so arranged that onetooth is moved forward by 10 abscissas or increments, or any othersuitable number. The length of the ordinates Vo-b and d-e above andbelow the normal value Vn represent by a scale, the amount of change-ofphysical state and for this amount of change the counting device gives acorrespond ing numerical value to said scale.

What is claimed is:

instrument adapted to receive an amount which is a 1. A registeringdevice comprising an electrical current at widely varying large andsmall rates and having an oscillatory member influenced by said currentto deflect from normal widely varying large and small angular distanceswhich are functions of said rate; a gear sector carried and'oscillatedby said member coaxial with its axis of oscillation; a pinion operatedby said sector; a counter having an operating ratchet coaxial with saidpinion and having teeth disposed apart angular distances as small as thesmallest of the first named distances to be registered; and a pawlcarried by said pinion and engaging said ratchet, to operate saidratchet in one direction only by movement of said member in onedirection only.

2. In combination, an electric instrument comprising a stator coil, amovable coil oscillatory on an axis diametric to the stator coil, anddisposable perpendicular to the plane of the statorcoil and movabletoward said plane, said coils being adapted to receive currenttherethrough; one of said coils being adapted to receive current atwidely varying rates thereby to deflect the movable coil, from normal,widely varying angular distances which are functions of said rates; aregistering mechanism; and means influenced by the movable coil eachtime it moves in one direction only to cause said mechanism to registerdistance of such movement.

3. In combination, an electric instrument comprising a stator coil, amovable coil oscillatory on an axis diametric to the stator coil, anddisposable perpendicular to the plane of the stator coil and movabletoward said plane, said coils being adapted to receive currenttherethrough; one of said coils being adapted to receive current atwidely varying rates thereby to deflect the movable coilfrom normal,widely varying angular distances which are functions of said rates; arotary element operatively connected to the movable coil ancl operatedby said movable coil in accordance with said distances; a counter havingan operating ratchet coaxial with said element; and a pawl carried bysaid rotary element and engaging said ratchet, to operate said ratchetin one direction only.

4. In combination with a system of the class having a circuit which inpractice is usually subjected to varying current increases immediatelysucceeded by a larger or smaller current increases or decreases; amagnet; a movable armature coil connected in said circuit and pivotallymounted in the field of said magnet, a gear sector carried andoscillated by said coil, pawl controlled means operated by said sector,a register mechanism and means connecting said pawl controlled means andsaid register whereby said register may be actuat d by movement of saidcoil in accordance withthe amount of each increase.

5. In combination, a system of the class having a circuit which inpractice is usually subjected to varying current increases someimmediately followed by an unequal current increases or decreases; amagnet; a movable armature coil connected in said circuit and pivotallymounted in the field of said magnet, a gear sector carried andoscillated by said coil, pawl controlled means operated by said sectorand means, including a registering mechanism connected to said pawlcontrolled means whereby to register the amount of each increase.

HERBERT KIENZLE.

